Artificial Intelligence

What is Artificial Intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence is a program which makes machine intelligent as humans. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the branch of computer science called machine intelligence, it is the intelligence demonstrated by machines, which are programmed to think and work like humans and mimic their actions. For example: voice recognition, problem solving, facial recognition, planning etc. The ultimate effort of AI is to make computer programs that can solve problems and achieve goals in the world. AI is one such technology through which powerful and intelligent solutions are developed that are capable of enhancing operational efficiency and fueling business growth. AI is trending these days and yes it is the future. AI is helping us in every aspects from surgeries to vehicle tracking from self driven cars to space exploration and many industries is planning and implementing AI.

History of Artificial Intelligence

• In 1950 a great mathematician Alan Turing out of curiosity came up with a question “Can Machines Think?”. Alan Turing proposed the Turing Test, in the same year 1950, Issac Asimov proposed the Three Laws of Robotics.
• In 1951, the first AI based program was written.
• In 1955, the first self-learning game playing program was created.
• Then in 1956 a new field was born, the term Artificial Intelligence which was coined by John McCarthy when he held the first academic conference on the subject.
• In 1959, the MIT AI lab was set up.
• In 1961, the first Robot was introduced into GM’s assembly line.
• In 1964, they saw the first demo of an AI program that understands natural language.
• In 1965, the first chatbot “ELIZA” was invented.
• In 1974, the first self driving vehicle was created at Stanford AI lab.
• In 1997, IBM Deep Blue beat Garry Kasparov at chess which was main turn over.
• In 2009, Google started building self driven cars.
• In 2011, Virtual Assistant came into living such as SIRI.
• In 2015, the great entrepreneur, Elon Musk and others announced a 1 billion dollar donation to open AI
• In 2018, Google launched virtual assistant called “DUPLEX”.

Artificial Intelligence is increasing rapidly while Sci-Fi often portrays AI as robots with human like characteristics. To become an AI programmer, you will need to know popular framework that includes PyTorch, Tensorflow etc. Plus, you would need a good grasp on important machine learning principles. Java, Python, Lisp, Prolog, and C++ are major AI programming languages used for Artificial Intelligence capable of satisfying different needs in the development and designing of different software.

Everyone might be familiar to the name Jarvis. J.A.R.V.I.S(Just a rather very intelligent system) is a fictional Artificial Intelligence that first appeared in the Marvel Cinematic Universe programmed by Tony Stark as his rescue armor which can perform multiple tasks.

The overall research goal of Artificial Intelligence is to create technology that allows computers and machines to function in an intelligent manner.

Artificial Intelligence is evolved over time and has become an integral part of many industries. The number of areas where Artificial Intelligence is being applied is increasing rapidly. The field of Artificial Intelligence has impacted many wide fields such as Healthcare, Gaming, Agriculture, Finance, Marketing, Robots and many more.

Let us look about the real time applications of Artificial Intelligence in various fields:

• Healthcare:

Artificial Intelligence in healthcare is the use of complex algorithms and software to emulate human cognition in the analysis of complicated medical data. It helps to detect the X-Ray, analysis the relationships between prevention and treatment techniques and patient outcomes. AI does this through computer algorithms.

The highly contagious disease COVID-19 spread rapidly confronted healthcare professionals globally with unprecedented clinical trial and diagnostics challenges. Here AI can play a big role in detecting the COVID-19 like disease from the infected patients, helping others for early diagnosis without the help of radiologists. Artificial Intelligence enabled device working round the clock to assist parents, control disease, carrying medical reports and building up some places automatically without the help of humans keeping them away from such infections.

• Robotics:

Artificial Intelligence makes machines so powerful so that machines can take decision by self. AI gives machine the power of common sense, reasoning skills, and decision and problem solving skills. Nowadays, all of us heard about Robotics, AI is used in Robots to make Robots behave like a human.

Sophia is a first AI robot citizen created and programmed by Hanson Robotics, a Hong Kong based humanoid robotics company is the first robot in the world to be recognized with a citizenship of Saudi Arabia. Sophia was activated in 2016. Sophia can communicate with the help of natural language processing. She can create different facial expressions just like humans.

AI in Robotics, flying drones, AI security based cameras and self driving cars are providing the automation solution in fighting with COVID-19. Many places are watched and controlled through drones, many countries are busy building Robots so that they can be helpful in treatment purpose.

• Self Driven Cars:

Speaking of AI applications and didn’t speak a single word about self driving car, its nearly impossible. A few years ago, using a fully automatic car was a dream, but now that companies like Tesla have made so much progress, we already have a fleet of semi-automatic cars on the road. Audi, Cadillac and Volvo are already developing their own models. Self-Driven cars are an example of Artificial Intelligence. In self-driven cars, no driver is needed. The car is well verse with AI technology. These smart cars automatically detect obstacles. So that’s all are possible just because of Artificial Intelligence which uses many sensors.

• Cyber Security:

AI will play an important role in restricting Cyber Hackers. Cyber security is an issue lately and AI can help us in eliminating this issue. There are detection techniques, but they are still ineffective. A lot of companies suffer loss in terms of brand name as well as material cost. AI can get rid of this problem by implementing the Recurrent Neural Networks algorithm which can detect the fraud.

• Virtual Assistant:

It is an application program that understands natural language voice command and completes task. It is a technology based on AI. You only need to pass your query to them, and in a few seconds, they give you a reply. So this is happening with the help of Natural language processing. It simulates human conversation through voice commands or text chats.

For example you might have come across Google Assistant, Siri, Alexa, Cortana, Silvia and many more are well known AI Virtual Assistant.

• Sports:

Artificial Intelligence in sports helps the coach to see the statistics result of his players. Just as more scientific analysis of sport is changing how coaches, trainers, and clubs play their respective games, greater analysis of sporting analysis of sporting events is helping odds making database operators evaluate the potential permutations of each sporting event. In Football AI is used to measure the distance from where the goal is scored or speed of player by which he scores a goal. In Cricket AI is used to review the LBW decision and to detect the bat contact with ball.

• Computer Vision:

Computer vision makes the computer sees. We hope that computers can replace some of the functions of the human eye. We can let the computer scan the document and read it. For example, There is a very useful technology, called OCR. There are some researches on computer vision in the field of intelligent medical diagnosis.

• Life on Other planets:

NASA is already using AI to look for life on other planet, which will be the key for the journey to Mars. Since AI is an advanced technology it can be very helpful to capture the images on the other planets using sensors and can even survive for longer period of time. The devices they’ll send, are known as rovers, will be able to explore Mars’ terrain in more details and reveal the properties of the planet’s elements to determine the possibility of life with more certainity.

• Gaming:

The quality of a game cannot be measured alone by the user interface. Rather, a good game requires a good Artificial Intelligence inbuilt for the characters. Most of the games are built using intense programming. The video game industry is probably one of the first to launch AI. Integration started out very small with the use of AI to generate random levels that people could play. However, it has increased to a much higher level than one might expect.

• Smartphones Design and Development:

Most manufacture are now incorporating AI into their smartphones, with a big chip manufactures including Qualcomm® producing chips with built-in AI capabilities. The person who reply in customer support is not Human, its Chatbot. GPS is default in smartphones. GPS gives you real traffic updates. Like which road has less traffic. It can also give you the exact timing of your arrival at certain location.

Suppose when you start driving, so you enter your destination. So based on these locations, Google smart maps give you an exact arrival time. Along with that, it also suggests you the path which takes less time. Prediction of time using GPS is done using Artificial Intelligence.

Whether you use Google or Apple Maps to navigate or call cabs and book a flight ticket, which is done using AI which is based on AI algorithms.

• Facial Recognition and Image Recognition:

Facial recognition is the advanced technology of Artificial Intelligence.

Face recognition detects faces using biometric sensors to get facial features.

Face recognition systems uses computer algorithms to pick out specific details about the person’s face. The details of the person is converted into a mathematical representation which then stores the data.

Modern AI applied to image processing can help you implement, face recognition, detecting and recognizing objects and action of images.

Image recognition is the process of identifying and detecting an object in a digital image or video. It uses Machine Learning concept to image process.

A general purpose programming language MATLAB software is used in these field of Digital Image processing.

There are many more applications where AI is implemented.

Conclusion:

The goal of Artificial Intelligence research is to let machines perform some complex tasks that require intelligent humans to complete. The future of Artificial Intelligence is more fascinating than ever. People seem to have indulged in this debate for many years. Some say Robots are the future and they replicate humans completely. Another opinion is a human dependency on this sector will increase manifold.

The machines haven’t taken over. Many Sci-Fi movies shows the huge domination of Robots over humans. Human brain is the creative creature alive.

From voice recognition like Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant, to more underlying and advanced technologies such as Computer Algorithms, automatically powered self driving cars, Face and Image Recognition, Robots and there are several examples and applications of Artificial Intelligence in use today. In future AI is going to make our lives better and easier. AI can provide humans a great relief from doing various repetitive tasks.

Image Credits: Google, Unsplash