Arduino UNO Vs Raspberry pi 4

Arduino Vs Raspberry Pi

General Purpose:

While both the Arduino and the Raspberry Pi are very versatile little machines, they both have specific things that they’re good at. Actually, Raspberry Pi and Arduino are quite different. Raspberry Pi is a full fledged computer, while Arduino is a microcontroller, which is just a single part of the computer.

Arduino:

Arduino is an open source Electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software. The Arduino is a micro controller, which means it excels at controlling small devices like sensors, motors, and lights. This is why the Arduino is best used for electronics projects like building a wake-up light, motion detector alarm, or even a small robot. You’ll also hear people talk about “prototyping” with an Arduino, which is the process of quickly creating a prototype electronic device. It is a board you use for prototyping, that is for designing systems for first time and test whether they work in real life or not. You cannot connect a monitor or a mouse to an Arduino. Arduino Uno has a very less memory, it has 32KB of dynamic memory. Arduino also comes with an IDE that you use to program. It runs only one program again and again. Arduino can be powered using a battery pack. If power is connected it starts running the program and if disconnected it simply stops. Arduino uses C/C++ for programming.

Raspberry Pi

The Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized computer running Linux. Running Linux allows it to user drivers for IO devices such as USB keyboard and mouse, HDMI monitor, camera, Ethernet port and so on. It can run apps. It can play videos and you can also listen to music. The Raspberry Pi 4 takes Pi to another level, with performance that’s good enough to use a pinch as a desktop PC, plus the ability to output 4K video at 60HZ or power dual monitors. It is capable little devices that enables people of all ages to explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Python and Ruby but C, C++ are pre-installed. Raspberry Pi has 4 USB ports to connect different devices. It can be easily connected to the internet using Ethernet port and USB WiFi dongles. It has ability to run multiple programs.

Features:

Arduino Uno:

The microcontroller used is ATmega328, operating voltage:5V, Clock speed:16MHz, SRAM: 2KB, EEPROM: 1KB, Flash memory: 32KB of which 0.5KB is used for boot loader, 14 digital pins and 6 analog pins.

Raspberry PI 4:

CPU- 1.5-GHz, Quad-Core Cortex-A72 Broadcom BCM2711. RAM- 1GB, 2GB, 4GB of LPDDR4 memory, 15.3W USB-C power supply, OS- Raspbian(Debian Linux based), Ethernet port-GB, Display port- 2 lane MIPI DSI, Camera port- 2 lane MIPI CSI, 2 micro HDMI ports.

Connectivity:

The Raspberry Pi comes ready to be connected to the internet; it has a built-in Ethernet port, and it’s very easy to get a USB WiFi dongle to give it wireless connectivity as well. This is one of the reasons why the Pi is the device of choice for things like personal web servers, printer servers, and VPN’s.

The Arduino, on the other hand, doesn’t have any built-in capability for connectivity. If you want to connect it to the internet, you’ll need to add an extra piece of hardware that includes an Ethernet port. If you want WiFi connectivity, you’ll need a different piece of hardware again. Because the Arduino is meant for hardware projects instead of software ones, it needs a bit of tinkering to get it connected.

Input/Output Pins:

Input/output pins are what allow your single-board computer to talk to things that are connected to it. For example, your Raspberry Pi could light up an LED. Or your Arduino could activate a motor. If you’re looking for hardware connections, these pins are what you need. Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the Atmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog pins, a 16MHz ceramic resonator, an ICSP header and a reset button. A powerful feature of the Raspberry Pi is the row of GPIO(general purpose input/output) pins along the top edge of the board. A 40 pin GPIO header is found on all current Raspberry Pi boards.

It as two 5V pins and two 3V3 pins are present on the board, as well as a number of ground pins(0V), which are unconfigurable. A GPIO pin designated as an output pin can set to high(3V3) or low(0V). A GPIO pin designated as an input pin can be read as high(3V3) or low(0V).

Storage:

The Arduino comes with 32 KB of onboard storage, which is just enough to store the code that provides instructions for its current program. You can’t use this storage for apps, videos, photos, or anything else. The Raspberry Pi, on the other hand, doesn’t come with any onboard storage, but it does have a micro SD port, so you can add as much storage as you’d like.

Software:

The Arduino has very basic capabilities to interpret the code that it receives and alter the functions of the hardware that it’s connected to, but the board doesn’t have an operating system or any sort of interface besides the Arduino integrated development environment (IDE). Using the IDE, you’ll create a set of commands that the Arduino will interpret and enact. A simple set of instructions could say something like “turn the red light on for three seconds, turn it off, turn the green light on for three seconds, turn it off, repeat.” Obviously, you can do much more complicated things, but you’ll still need to create the program yourself.

The Raspberry Pi comes stocked with a fully functional operating system called Raspbian OS. This OS is based on Debian Linux, and was created specifically for the Pi. Operating systems aren’t the only pieces of software that the Pi runs, though; there are also a number of useful apps that you can use to accomplish different tasks. One of the most common uses of a Raspberry Pi is as a media server, for which both Kodi and Plex are popular apps. You can write your own programs for the Raspberry Pi as well, and that’s one of the best reasons to get one: to learn to code. Python is the recommended language for the Pi but C, C++, Java, and Ruby are all pre-installed on the board. While Arduino can be tweaked to support other languages, the native Arduino language is the best choice; if you’re looking to learn a more useful language, the Pi will give you more options.

Conclusion:

Anyway, it depends on your application. Both are great platforms and a lot of concepts work similarly between the two, so no knowledge is wasted when learning one or other. For various field Raspberry Pi is preferred due to its various features. Arduino is used for developing Electronics based projects and also in Internet of things.